Adaptation capacity

This is a composite indicators of the capacity of responding and adapting to the crisis derived from indicators of poverty, food security, governance, communication and physical connectivity. It is obtained from a linear combination of single standardised dimensions, then standardised in a 0-1 range where 1 means lack of adaptation capacity.

It can be used for vulnerabliity and risk analysis. It is one of the dimension of the vulnerability to global tourism and travel crisis.

The Forest Landscape Integrity Index (FLII) is a composite index   created to show the degree of forest integrity for 2019.

The authors identified three Forest Integrity categories: “high ”“medium”, and “low”.

How important is a given area in terms of habitat diversity and associated species diversity? By identifying distinct habitats in a given area, one can highlight areas supporting a large variety of structural and functional ecosystem properties and, indirectly, a potentially higher species diversity.

How well are we protecting freshwater ecosystems and how strong are anthropogenic changes affecting surface water in a given area? Human pressures are constantly increasing and it is important to monitor the consequences of the associated changes on the environment, in particular inside and around protected areas, to ensure that natural ecosystems and their associated species and ecosystem functions (e.g. goods and services) are preserved.

Humans need increasing amounts of plant biomass for producing food, fodder, fiber and energy. Being able to meet these demands in the long term requires a sustainable use of land and vegetation resources. A persistent reduction in biomass production or land productivity will directly and indirectly impact almost all terrestrial ecosystem services and benefits that form the basis for sustainable livelihoods of all human communities.

Indicator units: Natural (and semi-natural) land fragmentation refers to the reduction of area, the emergence of discontinuities and the isolation of natural land patches within a region of interest. Natural land spatial pattern is a relevant measure to capture changes in size, shape and structural connectivity, in particular the breaking down of large patches of natural land into smaller patches, the presence of linear features and isolated small fragments.

Share of mountain ecosystems in protected areas. Ecosystems extracted from USGS-TNC World Terrestrial Ecosystems under "mountain" landform category.

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Data Uploaded by Claudia Capitani using the BIOPAMA Services (2022)

According to FAO, since 1990, 420 million hectares of forest have been lost due to human pressure, but the rate of forest loss has declined substantially. Human activities such as agriculture, livestock industries and logging are the main drivers of deforestation, forest degradation and fragmentation. Moreover, indirect human pressure such as climate change impacts, fires and invasive species amplify the loss and degradation of these ecosystems. Monitoring forests and their biodiversity is essential to support Sustainable Forest Management.

The dataset shows the country's extent of Warm-Water Corals for African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. The original dataset and statistics are provided by UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 

Source:UNEP-WCMC (2021). Ocean+ Habitats [On-line], [July 2021]. Available at: habitats.oceanplus.org

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Data Uploaded by Simona Lippi using the BIOPAMA Services (2022)